Merkel sticks to German EV target despite low consumer interest

BERLIN (Reuters) -- German Chancellor Angela Merkel has reaffirmed her target to bring 1 million electric cars onto German roads by the end of the decade, despite weak interest from consumers. Her government is hosting a two-day industry summit in Berlin to promote the fledgling technology, after fewer than 3,000 electric cars were sold in Germany last year out of a total market that exceeded 3 million. The German auto industry plans to invest roughly 12 billion euros ($15.52 billion) in alternative powertrains, including battery-powered electric cars, in the next three to four years, according to industry association VDA. "Driving electrically is no vision anymore, it's a reality. Thousands of cars are already on our roads and by the end of the next year, German carmakers will have at least 16 electric series production cars on sale," VDA President Matthias Wissmann said. Merkel affirmed her target in a statement, stressing the importance of cross-border cooperation. Once hyped as a technology that would revolutionize the auto industry and eventually crowd out conventional cars, sales have barely taken off due to high costs and range limitations. According to a survey of roughly 1,000 German drivers by the country's motoring club ADAC, Germans are much more skeptical about the technology than two years ago and less willing to accept inconveniences like long charging times. ADAC said today that nearly half of all German car owners are unwilling to pay extra for an electric car for their next purchase. The low interest in Germany is nothing unique. On Sunday, electric car company Better Place, which had partnered with French carmaker Renault and set up a battery charging network in Israel and Denmark, filed a motion in an Israeli court to liquidate. Renault said today that the move did not call into question its own electric vehicle strategy, one of the most aggressive. The smaller U.S. electric carmaker Tesla has bucked the trend, reporting its first-ever quarterly profit this month and paying off its U.S. government loans nine years earlier than required.

Renault will end Better Place partnership after bankruptcy filing

PARIS (Bloomberg) -- Renault is ending a five-year partnership with Better Place LLC in Denmark and Israel after the operator of electric-vehicle charging stations announced plans to shut down. Better Place filed a motion for liquidation with an Israeli court on Sunday after failing to attract new investments, according to a company statement. Renault and Better Place began working together in 2008 and said a year later that they aimed to sell 100,000 of the Fluence ZE, the French carmaker's first electric vehicle, in Israel and Denmark by 2016. The partnership included the development of the QuickDrop service, by which owners of Renault's Fluence could switch the battery in one of Better Place's stations in each country in less than five minutes. "We're currently working to continue to ensure after-sales services for all the electric cars in Israel, where more than 80 percent of Better Place's activity takes place," Gilles Normand, head of Renault's Asia-Pacific operations, said on a conference call today. "The investment in the partnership hasn't been significant," he added. Renault has sold 1,000 Fluence electric cars in Israel and 240 in Denmark, Raluca Barb, a Renault spokeswoman, said today. Owners of the vehicles can still charge the cars themselves at home and Renault will continue to provide warranties and maintenance services, she said. "We were approached to participate in the fund-raising round," Normand said. "But this is not our role." Low performance Renault and affiliate Nissan Motor Co. are investing a total of 4 billion euros in electric vehicle projects through 2015. The Fluence's low performance and relatively high price compared with conventional vehicles proved too big a hurdle as Better Place, founded by former SAP executive Shai Agassi, failed to attract enough customers. The Palo Alto, California- based startup had raised $750 million since its founding five years ago. Billionaire Idan Ofer's Israel Corp., the largest investor with a 30 percent stake, said in a separate statement its board decided against investing more in the venture. "This is a difficult day," said Dan Cohen, the Better Place's third CEO in just under a year. "Unfortunately, after a year's commercial operation, it was clear to us that, despite many satisfied customers, the wider public take-up would not be sufficient and that the support from the car producers was not forthcoming."

The New BMW 5 Series Sedan And BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo

Read more: http://www.europeancarweb.com/news/epcp_1305_2014_bmw_5_series_sedan_and_gran_turismo/#ixzz2UVBb9xLj The BMW 5 Series has always exuded athleticism, efficiency and sex appeal, and throughout its life, each generation grows more innovative in order to provide an even better driving experience. With sales figures consistently rising, the 5 Series has solidified its position as a global leader in its class, and now for the 2014 model year, it embarks on a new chapter. Modifications to the design, the addition of a new inline-6 BMW Advanced Diesel engine for the Sedan and even more optional equipment brings the 5 Series a definite step up. The enhanced, 2014 BMW 5 Series Sedan and 5 Series Gran Turismo will go on sale at Authorized BMW Centers in the US in August, 2013. MSRP for the 5 Series Sedan and 5 Series Gran Turismo: 528i Sedan -- $50,425 550i xDrive Sedan -- $67,125 528i xDrive Sedan -- $52,725 ActiveHybrid 5 -- $62,325 535i Sedan -- $56,025 535i Gran Turismo -- $60,925 535i xDrive Sedan -- $58,325 535i xDrive Gran Turismo -- $63,225 535d Sedan -- $57,525 550i Gran Turismo -- $68,825 535d xDrive Sedan -- $59,825 550i xDrive Gran Turismo -- $71,125 550i Sedan -- $64,825 All prices include $925 Destination and Handling Design: Developing the Five's signature sporty character. Fresh contour lines for the surround of the BMW kidney grille and redesigned lower air intakes reinforce the sporty appearance of the 2014 BMW 5 Series Sedan. The accentuated width of the rear end is underlined by an extra crease in the apron, as well as slim, sharply contoured and therefore more striking rear lights. The 2014 BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo receives a modified front apron exuding presence and solidity. Its redesigned rear end creates a longer and lower visual impression. A three-dimensional surface design for the area around the license plate holder and a chrome strip in the rear apron add further depth to its dynamic character. All 5 Series models now come standard with Xenon Adaptive headlights, while Adaptive LED Headlights join the options list for 2014. Elsewhere, the side indicator lights are now integrated into the exterior mirrors. Also new in the BMW 5 Series are the Luxury Line and Modern Line, in addition to the popular M Sport choice. Capacity The storage compartments and cup holders in the center console of these models now have increased capacity. A revised rear section increases the luggage capacity of the new BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo by 2.1 cu-ft to 17.7 cu-ft (European figures, preliminary). Engine and Chassis The BMW 535d has been added as BMW's latest diesel variant in North America. Its inline-6 BMW Advanced Diesel engine with BMW TwinPower Turbo technology makes 255 horsepower at 4,000 rpm and 413 lb-ft of torque from 1,500 - 3,000 rpm (preliminary figures). Simultaneously, the new BMW 535d Sedan is expected to show substantial fuel efficiency gains over its gasoline-fueled counterpart. US EPA figures will be available closer to the on-sale date. BMW's xDrive intelligent all-wheel drive system is also available on the new 535d Sedan. The top dog engine in the new 5 Series Sedan is now an updated V8 with BMW TwinPower Turbo technology and Valvetronic throttle-lett intake technology, making a beastly 445hp and 480 lb-ft. The 5 Series chassis includes a double-wishbone front axle, integral rear axle and Servotronic variable power steering function. The chassis is constructed to deliver a fine balance between performance and comfort. The 5 Series Gran Turismo comes with standard air suspension, including automatic self-leveling rear suspension. The Driving Dynamics Control switch on the center console is standard on all models. Adaptive Drive and Integral Active Steering are systems unmatched by other players that can be specified as options. Brake Energy Regeneration, the Auto Start-Stop functionality, and ECO PRO mode, the suite of standard-fitted BMW EfficientDynamics technologies now also includes a coasting mode (which disengages the powertrain while coasting), and the ECO PRO Route function, which can be selected via the Navigation system. Additionally, updated aerodynamics is a key factor in the latest advances made by the engineers for maximum fuel efficiency. BMW ConnectedDrive: who needs an iPhone when you've got a BMW? In the new 5 Series, the optional Comfort Access system allows the tailgate or trunk to be opened hands-free, has been extended to include a closing mechanism, which means that a movement of the foot under the rear apron can now be used to prompt the tailgate to close as well as open, which is great for when you've got your hands full. In addition, there is now a new rear-seat entertainment system with tablet-style displays, a Harman Kardon Surround Sound system and a new version of the ambient light option with a facility which allows the interior lighting to be alternated in tone between orange and white. Alongside the globally unrivalled Concierge Service for hotel reservations and a selection of other services, BMW ConnectedDrive also offers an unusually extensive suite of office functions, including internet-based services. The dictation function, for example, provides a convenient way of entering text for SMS messages and emails during a journey. The array of search, travel, office and social media services can be accessed via the car's integrated SIM card or the customer's smartphone. iDrive4.2: Now with touchpad. The newly-standard iDrive4.2 Navigation system makes use of an optimized menu display and allows access to Advanced Real Time Traffic Information. A new iDrive rotary controller with an integrated touchpad allows the input of characters for destinations, phone numbers, and other functions within the iDrive4.2 operating system. Powertrain and Chassis. The engine is the heart of every BMW. The new BMW Advanced Diesel 535d Sedan model, additional availability of xDrive intelligent all-wheel drive, and an even more powerful and fuel efficient V-8 join the action for 2014. The line-up for the new BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo is comprised of two gasoline engines. The cutting-edge chassis technology underpinning the 2014 BMW 5 Series family delivers a balance of dynamic performance and ride comfort without peer. The BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo is also fitted as standard with automatic self-leveling air suspension at the rear axle. Among the options available for all members of the BMW 5 Series family are the Integral Active Steering and Adaptive Drive systems, which no other model in this segment offers. Enhancements of acoustic and suspension comfort in the BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo, meanwhile, lend even further emphasis to its role as a supreme long-distance specialist. A new diesel engine for the Sedan. In the new diesel engine, which powers the BMW 535d Sedan, this package of technology consists of a variable-geometry turbocharger and high precision direct fuel injection with solenoid valve injectors. The 3.0-liter engine develops a maximum output of 255 HP, generates peak torque of 413 lb-ft. The new generation of the V-8 engine with BMW TwinPower Turbo technology for the BMW 5 Series model family takes to the stage armed with a 10 percent rise in output yet also significantly reduced fuel consumption. Found under the hood of the BMW 550i Sedan and BMW 550i Gran Turismo, it now also combines its two twin-scroll turbochargers and high precision direct fuel injection with BMW's Valvetronic throttle-less intake valve control. The engine generates 445 horsepower and maximum torque of 480 lb-ft from its 4.4-liter displacement. The new BMW 550i Sedan, for example, roars from 0 to 60 mph in just 4.5 seconds. The 2014 BMW 535i Sedan and 535i Gran Turismo retain BMW's multi-award-winning "N55" 3.0-liter inline-6 engine with 300 hp and 300 lb-ft of torque. An award winning BMW TwinPower turbo "N20" four-cylinder gasoline engine is retained for the 2014 BMW 528i Sedan. The BMW 535i Sedan can be fitted with a 6-speed manual transmission as a no cost option. All BMW 5 Series models receive the extremely fast and precise, not to mention extraordinarily efficient, 8-speed automatic transmission provided as standard equipment. The 8-speed automatic now comes with a coasting function and can also be ordered with Sport Automatic shift paddles on the steering wheel. The Sport Automatic option, standard for the 2014 BMW 550i Sedan models, stands out with impressive shift dynamics and now includes Launch Control. Yes, launch control comes from the factory as an option on your 5 Series. BMW, we love you. Read more: http://www.europeancarweb.com/news/epcp_1305_2014_bmw_5_series_sedan_and_gran_turismo/#ixzz2UVBlLDFb

BMW MOTORRAD ROLAND SANDS DESIGN R 90 S - CONCORSO D'ELEGANZA VILLA D'ESTE 2013

Hardly any other motorcycle manufacturer can boast such a longstanding and successful heritage as BMW - 90 years to be exact. The BMW R 90 S certainly has cause to celebrate: the BMW Motorrad design icon turns 40 this year. As a tribute to both anniversaries, the BMW Group is presenting a special concept collaboration at the Concorso d'Eleganza Villa d'Este 2013 - the BMW Concept Ninety. In partnership with the custom bike company Roland Sands Design, the BMW Motorrad design team has come up with an exclusive homage to the BMW R 90 S. Back in 1973, BMW unveiled its flagship model in the "Stroke Six" range to the global public. Boasting a top speed of just over 124 mph, it was one of the fastest production bikes of its day and went on to claim numerous prizes in a variety of race series. With its sporty tail end and striking Daytona Orange paintwork, it endowed the BMW R 90 S with an unmistakable identity. "The BMW R 90 S hails from an era in which bikers were regarded as outlaws," comments Edgar Heinrich, Head of BMW Motorrad Design. The BMW Concept Ninety resurrects this spirit of the emotionally charged superbike, translating the emotionality and inspiration of the earlier model into a contemporary guise. "Today BMW motorcycles stand for perfection and function. That is what we have worked hard to achieve and something we are very proud of," says Ola Stenegard, Head of Vehicle Design BMW Motorrad. The upper ergonomic and aerodynamic bodywork is visually separated from the black engine and chassis. The bodywork is hand crafted from aluminum. Its brushed areas can be seen in the tinted areas of the front fairing and tank, as well as at the tail. The rich orange shade of the BMW Concept Ninety is also a nod to the legendary Daytona Orange paintwork of the BMW R 90 S. Contemporary LED elements light up the face of the BMW Concept Ninety, honoring its ancestor with a round headlamp design. Below the bodywork sits the air-cooled flat-twin boxer engine. Entirely in black with contrast cut details this section of the bike symbolizes concerted power, precision and performance. Many of the high-quality parts of the BMW Concept Ninety hail from custom bike specialists Roland Sands Design in California Particular attention was devoted to those elements typical of a boxer, and thus also of BMW, which were meticulously designed and elaborately finished. Key highlights include the front cover of the engine and the valve covers, that got painstakingly milled, as well as the exhaust system. The parts were milled using a contrast cut process, which strikes an alluring contrast to the black mechanical components. This technology was also applied to the rims, whose classic design recalls the racing triumphs of the BMW R 90 S in the 1970s. The machining and technical implementation of the parts, are state of the art - like all the details on the BMW Concept Ninety. "It was important for me to translate the special statement made by the BMW R 90 S into the present through the use of unique parts - employing emotional design and cutting-edge technology," says Roland Sands of his approach to the bike. Likewise designed and made by Roland Sands are the brake and clutch controls, the Paralever arm and the air filter under the seat. All these meticulously manufactured individual parts blend smoothly into the form language of the BMW Concept Ninety. "Everything just fits together perfectly: the BMW technology, the BMW heritage and our custom parts complement each other beautifully," comments Roland Sands on the result of this collaboration. Read more: http://www.europeancarweb.com/news/epcp_1305_bmw_motorrad_roland_sands_design_r_90_s/#ixzz2UVBMl0nJ

BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupe - Concorso d'Eleganza Villa d'Este 2013

BMW and Pininfarina are two of the most iconic names in motoring. BMW having created some of the most rewarding driving experiences on the road to date. Pininfarina hasn't skipped a beat since it was founded by legendary designer Battista "Pinin" Farina in 1930. The infamous Pininfarina has laid its hands on automotive sculptures from the Cisitalia to the P4/P5. Each company brings cutting-edge technology, style, dynamics and aesthetics to every project they unveil - the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé. Unveiling the outcome of their first collaboration at the Concorso d'Eleganza Villa d'Este 2013. "The appeal of this collaboration with Pininfarina is that you get another, very different and special angle on facets like luxury and exclusivity," notes Karim Habib, Head of BMW Design. Exterior With its broad, wheel-focused stance, the front of the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé incorporates dynamic athletic lines and the trademark BMW kidney grille forms the focal point of the front-end design. All surfaces and lines throughout the entire car take their bearings from its "shark nose" implied inspiration. Symbolically it points to the engine at the heart of the vehicle, a V12 unit hidden behind it. The flat headlights underline the road-focused look associated with a BMW and round off the "face" of the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé. The detailed and accelerated front bumper concludes the front end of the car dipping toward the earth ready to leap again as soon as your right foot dips into the accelerator. Within a powerfully present silhouette, convex tapering on the sides add a dynamic elegance and give the body a tautly athletic shape - keeping true to BMW's current design DNA. Stretching the contours of the vehicle accentuate the car's newfound contemporary motif. Higher shoulders and long roof line allow the car to carry an assertive and elegant road presence. Ascending from the front Air Breather behind the wheel the bodyline adds tone and definition visually making the car seem lower and faster within one simple gesture. These key features highlight Pininfarina's sensitivity and life long practice of surface control allow light and shadow to dance across the surface. The drama captured in the side profile elegantly evaporates into the tail of the Lusso Gran Coupe. Combining distinguished horizontal elements allow the car to seem broad and aggrandized while the tapering rear haunches bring calculated sophistication to its power. Imagine the tailings of smoke attached to a after a lengthy burnout session - thick, proud and instantly rewarding. The taillights receive equal bold styling thanks to their slender L-shape design complimented by its jewel-like appearance shrouded in matte aluminum trim. Their openness actually allows air to flow through them not just around them. "The result of this cooperative venture is far greater than the sum of its parts," says Fabio Filippini, Head of Design at Pininfarina. Interior Combining rare fossil wood, expertly tanned leathers with contemporary geometric design make the Lusso Gran Coupe a rolling example of nature and nurture harmony. The illusive kauri wood from the fossil rich swamps of New Zealand evoke a unique grain that shifts from gold to red to brown hues, depending on each viewers perspective. The hides used to throughout the hyper dynamic driver focused cockpit have been acquired through Foglizzo leather factory that have painstakingly tanned and characterized the black and light Tobacco Brown leather. The roof liner of finest Italian virgin wool features the striking "Principe di Galles" pattern. Allowing extra light into the interior is an oblong aperture in the roof liner, which is additionally illuminated by white LEDs. Read more: http://www.europeancarweb.com/news/epcp_1305_bmw_pininfarina_gran_lusso_coupe/#ixzz2UVB37oas

BMW 6 SERIES M SPORT EDITION

BMW is expanding its M Sport model line to the 6 Series in Coupe, Convertible and Gran Coupe form including the iX versions. Unfortunately, although it carries the M badge, it's only cosmetic upgrades. There are no performance components, suspension upgrades or power enhancements. However, it can be applied to both the 640i and 650i and comprises a body kit, 19" wheels, LED foglamps, gloss black window trim, black calipers and dark chrome tailpipes plus Adaptive LED headlights. Inside, the cars get an M leather steering wheel, door sills and nappa leather sports seats. This will be combined with Head-Up Display, nappa leather dashboard, 12-speaker stereo, Park Distance Control and a rearview camera. All M Sport edition models also have the option of Sakhir Orange metallic M paintwork, previously reserved for the M6. Another option is a Merino fine grain leather interior in Opal white with contrast seams in Sakhir Orange. Pricing for the 6 Series M Sport Edition adds $4600 to the base MSRP of the Convertible, $4800 to the Coupe and $5300 to the Gran Coupe. Read more: http://www.europeancarweb.com/news/epcp_1305_bmw_6_series_m_sport_edition/#ixzz2TqJEAbou

2014 PORSCHE 918 SPYDER

While the automotive internet trolls battle over the P1, Veneno and LaFerrari loyalty, Porsche wants to reminded the world that they were first in the hybrid horsepower wars. Remember... the 918 Spyder? Now that you are back on the Porsche bandwagon, because everybody unanimously adored its design, they have announced all the technological goodies, driving modes and active aerodynamic features hidden behind the seductive bodywork. Performance These days, you'd be lucky to say your "performance car" is at the top of its game with 400hp. Well if, that's your claim to fame, may we introduce your wake up call. The Porsche 918 Spyder is equipped with a 4.6L 608hp V8 with ending speeds up to 9150rpm. Mated to an inverted seven-speed Doppelkupplung PDK transmission for lightning fast shifts and optimum weight positioning - low. What's unique about the 918 Spyder's powertrain is its pulg-in hybrid capabilities. Having been previously developed on the 911 GT3 R Hybrid the module is constructed of a 115kW electric motor where a decoupler serves as its connection to the combustion engine. Because of the parallel hybrid configuration, the 918 Spyder can be powered at the rear axel either individually by the engine or electric motor. The power pack has been placed in front of the rear axel and does not have any direct mechanical connection to the front axel. Which is independently controlled by a 95kW electric motor and can drive the front wheels at a fixed ratio. Technically making this the first FWD production Porsche. The lithium-ion batter back is made up of 312 individual cells and is liquid cooled (global warranty period for the battery is seven years). The charge port is located in the passenger-side B-pillar and can be plugged into a US 110 outlet, an in home charge dock or the optional extra Porsche Speed Charging Station (DC)- which can provide a full charge in just 25 minutes. Chassis The multi-link chassis of the Porsche 918 Spyder is inspired by motorsport design, complemented by additional systems such as the PASM adaptive shock-absorber system and rear-axle steering. The entire load-bearing structure is made of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) for extreme torsional rigidity. Additional crash elements at the front and rear absorb and reduce the energy of a collision. The car's dry weight of approximately 3,715 lbs. (3,616 lbs. with "Weissach" package). The drivetrain components and all components weighing over 110 lbs. have been located as low and as centrally as possible within the vehicle. This results in a slightly rear end biased axle load distribution of 57 percent on the rear axle and 43 percent on the front axle, combined with an extremely low center of gravity at approximately the height of the wheel hubs, which is ideal for driving dynamics. This allows the batteries to consistently operate at optimum efficiency. Porsche Active Aerodynamics (PAA) Available in three modes ("Race", "Sport" and "E") the 918 Spyder changes the direction of air flowing over and under the body to achieve dynamic driving modes. In "Race" mode the rear wing is put into an "Attack" angle to generate high downforce at the rear axel. Additionally, two adjustable air flaps are opened under the floor in front of the front axel which directs a portion of air into the diffuser channels. "Sport" mode reduces the rear wing angle for a slippery one and it's in this mode where the car's top speed can be realized, or at least as high as your nerves will allow you to go. The floor flaps are closed to help reduce drag in this setting. "E" mode brings the car into its normal operating mode by retracting the rear wing fully and closing up the floor flaps. While the car is operating under normal "Hybrid" mode, the rear wing and floor flaps will deploy around 81mph. Driving modes aplenty Having the ability to select between five different driving modes can seem overwhelming. Considering most of these super duper cars will be seen in bumper to bumper traffic in urban settings, the option of having them is nice to have. "E-Power" puts the driver in a state of quite and elegant driving behaviors. Achieving 18 miles on pure electric power and a 0-60 time a Fiat Abarth can nose in on at 7s and a top speed of 93mph. "Hybrid" pairs the electric motors and combustion engine to work alternately to reach maximum efficiency and minimum fuel consumption. "Sport Hybrid" give the entire system a wake up call and allows the V8 to operate continuously, providing the main propulsion for the car. "Race Hybrid" really starts to shake the bed and allows the car to really stretch its legs out. The V8 is under full control at this point, while the electric motors take a back seat providing "boost" on demand (like a KERS system). The PDK transmission gets an electronic energy bump as well with faster gear-shifting and a sportier behavioral traits - like giving a kid with ADD a Red Bull. Lastly, "Hot Lap" ditches nearly all conventions of conservatism and lets the entire system operate at full track spec. Allowing users to churn out hot laps as long as the car remains charged up and full of fuel. Weissach Package For performance-oriented customers, Porsche offers the "Weissach" package. The 918 Spyder, as many photos around the internet have shown, can be recognized at first glance by special colors and designs that are based on legendary Porsche race cars. The roof, rear wings, rear-view mirrors and frames of the windscreen are made of visible carbon. Parts of the interior are upholstered with Alcantara instead of leather, and visible carbon replaces much of the aluminum. Sound insulation has also been reduced. The emphasis on performance is not just visual: very lightweight magnesium wheels reduce unsprung masses; gross weight was reduced by about 77 lbs. Other references from motorsport are six-point seatbelts for driver and front passenger, optional film-coating instead of body paint, as well as additional aerodynamic body parts in visible carbon. Technical Specifications - Porsche 918 Spyder Body: Two-seat Spyder; carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) monocoque interlocked with CFRP unit carrier; two-piece Targa roof; fixed roll-over protection system. Drivetrain: Parallel full hybrid; 4.6-liter V8 mid-engine with dry-sump lubrication; hybrid module with electric motor and decoupler; electric motor with decoupler and gear unit on front axle; auto start/stop function; electrical system recuperation; four cooling circuits for motors, transmission and battery; thermal management. Engine power: 608 hp at 8,600/min (V8 engine) 154 hp (hybrid module on rear axle) 127 hp (electric motor on front axle) 887 hp (combined) Max. torque: 390 lb.-ft. at 6,600/min (V8 engine) 940 lb.-ft. (equivalent torque calculated on the crankshaft, complete system in 7th gear) 787 lb.-ft. (complete system, 3rd gear) > 590 lb.-ft. (800/min - 5,000/min) Maximum Revs: 9,150 rpm Power output per l: 133 hp/l (V8 engine) Power transmission: Combustion engine with hybrid module and transmission bolted together to form a single drive unit; seven-speed Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (PDK); rear-wheel drive; front electric motor with gearbox for driving the front wheels (decoupled from 146 mph); five pre-selectable operating modes for optimum coordination of all drive units. Gear ratios PDK 1st gear 3.91 2nd gear 2.29 3rd gear 1.58 4th gear 1.19 5th gear 0.97 6th gear 0.83 7th gear 0.67 R gear 3.55 Final drive ratio 3.09 Clutch diameter 8.7 in. / 6.5 in. Chassis and Suspension: Double-wishbone front axle; optional electro-pneumatic lift system on front axle; electro-mechanical power steering; multilink rear axle with adaptive electro-mechanical system for individual rear wheel steering; electronically controlled twin-tube gas-pressure dampers in the front and rear with Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM). Brake system: High-performance hybrid brake system with adaptive recuperation; internally ventilated and perforated front ceramic brake discs (PCCB), 16 in. in diameter and 1.4 in. thick; rear discs 15.4 in diameter and 1.3 in. thick. Wheels and tires: 918 Spyder wheels (Weissach package: 918 Spyder magnesium wheels) front 9.5 J x 20 with 265/35 ZR 20 rear 12.5 J x 21 with 325/30 ZR 21 Weights: Curb weight 3,715 lbs. 3,616 lbs. (Weissach package) Dimensions: Length 182.8 in. Width 76.4 in. Height 45.9 in. Wheelbase 107.5 in. Track width front 65.5 in. rear 63.5 in. Luggage compartment capacity, VDA ~ 110 l Fuel tank capacity 18.5 gal Energy supply: Lithium-ion battery with 6.8 kWh capacity (BOL nominal), 220 kW maximum power and mains-compatible plug-in charger. Performance: Top speed > 211 mph purely electric 93 mph Acceleration: 0-62 mph 2.8 s 0-60 mph less than 2.8 s 0-62 mph (in electric mode) 7.0 s 0-124 mph (0-200 km/h) 7.9 s 0-186 mph (0-300 km/h) 23.0 s Range: Purely electric approx. 18 mi. Warranty: Vehicle (Battery) 4 years (7 years) Charging times: AC charging on a household socket (110 V, 10 A): less than 7 hours AC charging on an industrial socket (240 V, 30 A): less than 2 hours DC charging on an industrial socket (400 V, 32 A): less than 0.5 hours. Read more: http://www.europeancarweb.com/news/epcp_1305_2014_porsche_918_spyder/#ixzz2TqIj27f7

Europe car sales rise for first time in 19 months

MILAN (Bloomberg) -- European car sales rose for the first time in 19 months on strong demand in the UK and a rebound in Germany, amid signs that governments may take measures to stem a contraction in the economy of the countries using the euro. Registrations in April increased 2 percent to 1.08 million vehicles from 1.06 million a year earlier, industry association ACEA said today in a statement. Four-month sales fell 7 percent to 4.18 million vehicles. (Click here for the full report or download the PDF, right.) European policymakers have expressed a willingness to take steps to revive the region's ailing economies. Gross domestic product in the 17-nation euro zone fell 0.2 percent the first quarter. At the same time, exports rose in the period and consumer confidence gained in April. Car sales in Europe last month increased the most at Daimler, which rose 11 percent overall because of a 13 percent increase at the Mercedes-Benz luxury brand on strong demand for its A-class compact. Daimler's other brand is Smart, which had a 4 percent sales decline in April. Volkswagen Group, Europe's largest automaker was another April winner with a 10 percent gain led by a 9 percent increase at premium brand Audi. European sales at PSA/Peugeot-Citroen, the region's second-largest carmaker, dropped 10 percent. Ford Motor Co. posted a 1 percent decline in the region. Sales fell 3 percent at BMW Group. General Motors Co.'s European sales declined 4 percent in April, led by a 28 percent plunge at the Chevrolet brand. The company's regional brands of Opel and Vauxhall increased their registrations 2 percent. European sales by Fiat fell 10 percent because of declines at its Alfa Romeo and Jeep divisions. Renault posted a 5 percent increase in European deliveries as its Dacia brand boosted sales by 28 percent. The automaker is forecasting that the region's car market will shrink 5 percent this year, with demand "slightly better" in the remaining three quarters than in the first, Chief Operating Officer Carlos Tavares told reporters on May 14. Nissan sold 7 percent more cars in Europe. Among other Asian carmakers, sales in Europe rose 5 percent at Toyota and 2 percent at Hyundai. ACEA's figures include registrations in the 27-nation European Union as well as Switzerland, Norway and Iceland. Car sales in the region fell 9 percent in January and 10 percent in February and March. Germany, UK markets rise Auto sales in Germany, Europe's biggest economy, increased 4 percent, ending five months of drops. Regional deliveries were helped by the Easter holiday shifting to March this year from April in 2012. "The recovery of sales in Germany is positive and may be an indication that consumers are getting back into the market on signs that austerity in Europe may be close to an end," Gian Primo Quagliano, head of automotive research company CSP in Bologna, Italy, said before the figures were released. "When the car market changes direction, the reason is never just related to technical calendar effects." Registrations surged 15 percent last month in the UK, the only car market of Europe's top five to grow in 2012, and 11 percent in Spain. French auto sales fell 5 percent and demand in Italy dropped 11 percent. Consumer confidence unexpectedly increased in April in the euro area, adding to signals the currency bloc will emerge from a recession in the second quarter. The economy is forecast to stagnate in three months through June and return to growth in the third quarter, according to a Bloomberg News survey of economists. No rejoicing The April were flattered by two extra sales days in many European markets after Easter holidays fell in March rather than April, with last year's weak April also helping the year-on-year comparison. Despite last month's upturn, ACEA pointed out that it was still the third-lowest level of new registrations for the month of April. Carlos Da Silva, manager for European light vehicle sales forecasts at IHS Automotive, said the downward sales trend may be slowly starting to change but advised caution on whether the April rise signaled the 'slowdown-in-the-collapse' that the industry is awaiting for. "The West European market remains at one of its lowest trend levels for a long time, clearly below where it stood even during the 2008 crisis," Da Silva said in a statement. "It's a long way before we can actually start rejoicing." Reuters and Automotive News Europe contributed to this report

PSA workers end 4-month strike over car plant closure

Workers at a PSA/Peugeot-Citroen factory near Paris have agreed to end a four-month strike in protest against the planned closure of the plant. The staff on strike will return to work this week, said Jean-Pierre Mercier, who represents the CGT union at the Aulnay plant. He said PSA had agreed to drop disciplinary action against strikers and make concessions on pay during the strike. PSA said the deal came after the CGT agreed to end any challenges to the automaker's layoff plan. PSA said about 130 of the 2,500 people employed at the site were involved in the strike action. "The CGT has agreed to drop the appeal lodged against the group's restructuring plan," PSA said in a statement on Friday. PSA is cutting 8,000 jobs nationwide under the plan, with the Aulnay plant, which builds the Citroen C3 subcompact, due to close next year as the carmaker seeks to reduce production overcapacity. "The closure of the factory still remains unacceptable and unjustified for all the workers," the CGT said in a statement, adding that it would have "disastrous consequences" for the area. Among major carmakers PSA has been the worst hit by Europe's depressed economies with the impact felt particularly deeply in its core southern markets. PSA had its biggest-ever full-year loss last year, totalling 5 billion euros ($6.46 billion), and is aiming to break even in late 2014 and post a profit the following year.

Europe car sales rise for first time in 19 months

European car sales rose for the first time in 19 months on strong demand in the UK and a rebound in Germany, amid signs that governments may take measures to stem a contraction in the economy of the countries using the euro. Registrations in April increased 2 percent to 1.08 million vehicles from 1.06 million a year earlier, industry association ACEA said today in a statement. Four-month sales fell 7 percent to 4.18 million vehicles. (Click here for the full report or download the PDF, right.) European policymakers have expressed a willingness to take steps to revive the region's ailing economies. Gross domestic product in the 17-nation euro zone fell 0.2 percent the first quarter. At the same time, exports rose in the period and consumer confidence gained in April. Car sales in Europe last month increased the most at Daimler, which rose 11 percent overall because of a 13 percent increase at the Mercedes-Benz luxury brand on strong demand for its A-class compact. Daimler's other brand is Smart, which had a 4 percent sales decline in April. Volkswagen Group, Europe's largest automaker was another April winner with a 10 percent gain led by a 9 percent increase at premium brand Audi. European sales at PSA/Peugeot-Citroen, the region's second-largest carmaker, dropped 10 percent. Ford Motor Co. posted a 1 percent decline in the region. Sales fell 3 percent at BMW Group. General Motors Co.'s European sales declined 4 percent in April, led by a 28 percent plunge at the Chevrolet brand. The company's regional brands of Opel and Vauxhall increased their registrations 2 percent. European sales by Fiat fell 10 percent because of declines at its Alfa Romeo and Jeep divisions. Renault posted a 5 percent increase in European deliveries as its Dacia brand boosted sales by 28 percent. The automaker is forecasting that the region's car market will shrink 5 percent this year, with demand "slightly better" in the remaining three quarters than in the first, Chief Operating Officer Carlos Tavares told reporters on May 14. Nissan sold 7 percent more cars in Europe. Among other Asian carmakers, sales in Europe rose 5 percent at Toyota and 2 percent at Hyundai. ACEA's figures include registrations in the 27-nation European Union as well as Switzerland, Norway and Iceland. Car sales in the region fell 9 percent in January and 10 percent in February and March. Germany, UK markets rise Auto sales in Germany, Europe's biggest economy, increased 4 percent, ending five months of drops. Regional deliveries were helped by the Easter holiday shifting to March this year from April in 2012. "The recovery of sales in Germany is positive and may be an indication that consumers are getting back into the market on signs that austerity in Europe may be close to an end," Gian Primo Quagliano, head of automotive research company CSP in Bologna, Italy, said before the figures were released. "When the car market changes direction, the reason is never just related to technical calendar effects." Registrations surged 15 percent last month in the UK, the only car market of Europe's top five to grow in 2012, and 11 percent in Spain. French auto sales fell 5 percent and demand in Italy dropped 11 percent. Consumer confidence unexpectedly increased in April in the euro area, adding to signals the currency bloc will emerge from a recession in the second quarter. The economy is forecast to stagnate in three months through June and return to growth in the third quarter, according to a Bloomberg News survey of economists. No rejoicing The April were flattered by two extra sales days in many European markets after Easter holidays fell in March rather than April, with last year's weak April also helping the year-on-year comparison. Despite last month's upturn, ACEA pointed out that it was still the third-lowest level of new registrations for the month of April. Carlos Da Silva, manager for European light vehicle sales forecasts at IHS Automotive, said the downward sales trend may be slowly starting to change but advised caution on whether the April rise signaled the 'slowdown-in-the-collapse' that the industry is awaiting for. "The West European market remains at one of its lowest trend levels for a long time, clearly below where it stood even during the 2008 crisis," Da Silva said in a statement. "It's a long way before we can actually start rejoicing." Read more: http://www.autonews.com/article/20130517/ANE/305179978#ixzz2Tq7elFuw Follow us: @Automotive_News on Twitter | AutoNews on Facebook

Audi overtakes BMW as India's top-selling premium brand

MUMBAI (Bloomberg) -- Audi has overtaken BMW as India's top seller of premium vehicles as the carmaker says the success is due to its rapid expansion outside large urban centers, as well as the introduction of the Q3 compact SUV last year. The growth of premium car sales in India has traditionally been focused in cities including Mumbai, Delhi, and Kolkata, home to the bulk of the country's wealthy car buyers. Audi's sales rose 43 percent to 9,350 units in the year ended March, while BMW-brand sales dropped 9.5 percent to 8,686 and Mercedes-Benz branded cars fell 5.4 percent to 7,015, according to data compiled by Bloomberg based on figures from the companies and the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers. To maintain its advantage, Audi is planning to add more SUVs and won't immediately offer a compact hatchback like those its biggest rivals expect to fuel their growth. "For us, first it's SUV, then sedans and then hatchbacks," said Michael Perschke, Audi India brand director. "India is a country where SUVs have multiple benefits." To win more customers in smaller cities, where roads tend to be rougher but not as narrow, Audi may introduce a new range of sportier SUVs to add to the three it already offers, Perschke said without giving a timeframe. The automaker will also offer the compact A3 in India next year, but in a sedan version rather than the hatchback it sells in Europe, he said. In contrast, BMW, the world's biggest luxury-car brand, and Mercedes, No. 3 globally, are adding hatchbacks in India, where slowing economic growth has choked demand for cars. BMW India did not respond to e-mailed queries about Audi overtaking it in sales. Luxury heritage The fight is over a luxury vehicle market estimated by IHS Automotive to quadruple by 2020 from about 30,000 last year. Within seven years, India will become the world's third-biggest car market, up from No. 6 today, researcher J.D. Power & Associates predicts. In India, more than many other markets, being the top-selling brand can provide a big boost to marketing, said Deepesh Rathore, managing director for IHS Automotive in India. "It's quite significant to be No. 1 in India," Rathore said, "especially in smaller cities where customers don't really know much about luxury models and their heritage." Smaller SUVS Audi has benefited from the introduction of its 2.9 million rupee ($53,000) Q3, a smaller SUV, last year. BMW's rival X1, starting at 2.8 million rupees, was introduced in late 2010. Mercedes's cheapest SUV is its M class, introduced last year, which starts at 4.9 million rupees, according to carwale.com, an Indian auto research Web site. Given how close their sales are and the relatively small volumes in India, Rathore expects the top slot to rotate among the three German brands over the next several years. Mercedes was the first of the German luxury carmakers to enter India, in 1995. In 2007, BMW opened a factory in the country and Audi established a local unit. Mercedes led luxury car sales in India until 2009, when BMW took over. Mercedes is betting a compact car from its global lineup is the right vehicle to boost sales in India. The automaker says it will unveil its first hatchback, the entry level A class, this month. This will be followed with a diesel variant of the B-class compact. "There is a worldwide trend to compact luxury," said Eberhard Kern, managing director of the automaker's local unit. "I'm quite sure Indians will buy into this trend as well." Bad roads BMW says it will add its 1-series compact hatchback in the second half of this year. At the high end, BMW introduced a new version of the 9.3 million rupee 7 series last month, and Mercedes this year will unveil a redesign of its flagship S class, which starts at 9.1 million rupees. Audi last refreshed its A8, a large sedan starting at 9.5 million rupees, in 2011. While India is the world's biggest market for hatchbacks, convincing customers to pay 10 times the price of an Alto from Maruti Suzuki India -- the top selling car in the country - - is a hard sell. Many customers in smaller cities, though, will choose an SUV over a compact, according to Wilfried Aulbur, managing partner at Roland Berger Strategy Consultants GmbH in Mumbai. "Hatchbacks have an advantage in cities such as Mumbai or Bangalore, where you get the sense of luxury, features and space as well as being easy to maneuver and park," Aulbur said. In smaller towns, buyers "may opt for SUVs because of the bad roads and their size." SUV share Audi expects its SUVs to make up 40 percent of its deliveries in India this year and 45 percent in 2014. About 38 percent of BMW's 2012 India sales were the four SUVs it offers, the company said in January. Mercedes sells three SUVs, but didn't immediately say what percentage of its sales they represent. To win buyers across India, Audi is adding eight more dealerships this year, in cities such as Rajkot, Lucknow and Vadodara, with populations ranging from 1 million to 3 million. Audi currently has 25 sales outlets across the country, with nine located in the five biggest cities, according to its local Web site. BMW has 28, with 10 in the metropolises, while Mercedes has 33, with 13 in the big cities, their sites show. Sanjay Sharma, who runs a software company in Bhopal, a city of 1.9 million in the state of Madhya Pradesh where the German company opened a dealership last year, replaced his Honda CR-V with an Audi Q3 SUV 10 months ago. "I was looking for an SUV that was more similar to a car and yet I can take into the hilly places around Bhopal," said Sharma, 45. He says he's "found the driving pleasure to be unexplainable. I never let my driver drive it." Shanghai show Mercedes plans to add as many as 10 new outlets this year, Kern said in an interview after inaugurating a new dealership in Noida, a dusty, potholed suburb of New Delhi. And he says he expects to add a version of a compact SUV concept called the GLA that the company showed at the Shanghai auto show last month, though he didn't say when. "It is important that you are present in smaller cities," said Kern. "The first car will sell, but from the second car, you have to be present with sales and service. You have to have financing and service in place." Read more: http://www.autonews.com/article/20130518/ANE/305169895#ixzz2Tq7PDY8o Follow us: @Automotive_News on Twitter | AutoNews on Facebook

BMW counts on new models to keep U.S. premium-sales crown

Mercedes-Benz led the U.S. premium-brand sales race through April of 2013, but BMW of North America CEO Ludwig Willisch expects BMW to repeat as No. 1 for the year. Willisch says help is on the way in the form of three models debuting this year: the 3-series GT crossover, 4-series coupe and a redesigned X5 crossover. Willisch, 56, said he is also focused on improving dealer relations, an area in which BMW struggled before he took the helm in October 2011. Willisch was interviewed by Diana T. Kurylko, a staff reporter at Automotive News, a sibling publication of Automotive News Europe, at BMW of North America headquarters in Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey. Q: Will BMW again be the No. 1 luxury brand in the United States this year? And why is that important? We will do well this year. We have full availability of the 3 series and the xDrive and have added the 3-series wagon. Later this year we will have the 3-series GT and the 4-series coupe. We also have a new X5 coming in the fall. Those should all help sales. We like to be No. 1. We are No. 1 in the world [in premium-brand sales] and intend to be in 2013 again [in the United States]. Obviously some competitors are annoyed by the fact that we are No. 1. At least for them, it is meaningful. Why are you adding the 3-series GT crossover when you have a 3-series station wagon? The 3-series GT crossover combines the agility of the 3 series with the versatility of a wagon and the elegance of a coupe. It is a bit larger and a bit higher than the 3-series sedan. Is the new compact X1 crossover bringing in new customers? How many will you sell this year? Last year we sold almost 9,000 -- we started sales in September. This year, we will at least double that number. It conquers new customers for us -- 75 percent of X1 buyers are new to the brand. We had not counted on a number that high. They come mostly from the mass-market manufacturers. It is the first X product with rear-wheel drive as an option and it does very well in the south. When will BMW roll out new dealership standards? We have a new corporate identity standard for every new [dealership]. We will talk to every dealer to have an individual plan. We had all the dealers in Las Vegas [in April] for a meeting and there was an understanding that we are mutually making a plan how to go forward. Did you show dealers the new showroom requirements? We showed them the new standard for BMW i and they were blown away. They really liked it. It is a module for the showroom made out of wood. You can have two sizes -- one for i3 and the other that combines i3 and i8. It is a separate area, a light-colored wooden display. It curves around and covers the wall. It's a special environment where you show the cars. You've said BMW will add diesel engines to most of the U.S. model range. Very true -- for most of the model range. We are convinced that diesel is still a very viable offer in today's environment and has the torque Americans want. Diesel still has a huge advantage in fuel economy over a gas engine, between 20 and 25 percent. That is why we are coming out with a 3 series and 5 series this year and there is more to come. Right now we are looking at 45 mpg highway for the 328 diesel. How long will it take to put diesels into most of your U.S. vehicles? Three years. How will BMW compete with the $30,000 Mercedes-Benz CLA front-wheel-drive compact on sale this fall? The 320i [a new entry-level 3-series sedan that has just gone on sale] will play a part in that. Are you seeing much interest in the 320i? It is too early, we just have a couple hundred cars on the ground. We can talk about that in June. There has been talk that BMW will make a 1-series sedan for this market. But not in the foreseeable future. The next car that we are going to launch in that segment is the car that you have seen, the Concept Active Tourer [crossover]. That car will hit the market in the foreseeable future but not this year. The Concept Active Tourer is a compact front-wheel-drive wagon. Why does BMW need that in the United States? There are customers that want a car that is good looking and has more versatility. You can fold the seats down for cargo and drive with five people. A concept that has a drivetrain with front-wheel drive is much more helpful as far as interior space than one where you have the engine in the front and the rear axle is driven. Are you planning other BMW front-wheel-drive models? For the foreseeable future in that segment, no. Many of your competitors say customer service is the next battleground among the luxury brands. How do you improve in that area? Customer delight, as I'd rather call it, is close to our hearts, and we are really concentrating on that. There is a five-star rating survey for sales and service where we invite the customers to give their evaluation via e-mail. The dealers have the possibility to see the results every day online so they can see where they might have a challenge. It is people, processes and facilities -- all three have to be in line with customer expectations or above. If you want to have customer delight, you have to surprise a customer. You aren't No. 1 in the CSI surveys yet. You are right, we have to make a special effort and we have to delight the customer so that he sees us as No. 1 as far as customer service is concerned. How are you changing dealer programs to focus more on CSI? We are in a constant process of training our dealers. We train with teams that train hotels -- the Ritz-Carlton and the Four Seasons. We clearly look at processes and also at the ratio between daily repair orders and loaners. We also look at how I as a customer can make an appointment for service. Am I able to book online? When I call do I get an appointment that fits my needs? These things are very relevant and define the level of satisfaction for the whole service. How long will it take to move up a couple of notches in the quality and satisfaction surveys? We'd better move up there within the next two years. How will the X4 crossover fit into your lineup when it arrives in the first half of next year? The X6 makes sense in the upper level of sport activity vehicles. We thought there is also room for an X4. It is extremely attractive. Why did you decide change the name of the 3-series coupe/convertible to 4 series. Do you want to charge more for those two cars? If you go back two generations, the coupe was still quite close to the sedan in all aspects. The biggest differentiator was that it had two doors. Then we moved on, the roofline got more coupelike and the whole car got more special in comparison to the sedan. If you now look at the new 4-series coupe, it is so different from the 3 series you may as well call it 4. The coupe/convertible type will have an even number and the sedans uneven. Will you do that with the 1 series as well -- have a 2-series coupe and convertible with the new generation? It could be. When do we get the new generation? Not this year, next year. How will BMW fight the new 2014 Mercedes-Benz S class? We will cross the bridge when we come to it. The S class and 7 series have been competitors for quite some time. The 7 series has always been a bit more of a driver's car and a bit more on the sporty side. Are you considering a model above the 7 series -- positioned below the Rolls-Royce -- since there will be a new S class to compete in that segment? No. We are absolutely sure we cover the market with a 760Li or a 750Li, and for those who really look for that special luxury sedan at the top, a Rolls-Royce. Read more: http://www.autonews.com/article/20130520/ANE/305249997#ixzz2Tq75UW9h Follow us: @Automotive_News on Twitter | AutoNews on Facebook

Porsche PDK success story: a bestseller in just five years

We've come full circle. In 1980s, Porsche developed a world first in automotive technology for use in races and thus won the race: the dual-clutch transmission. In 2013, this progressive transmission technology returns to the circuit course: The new 911 GT3 has the fastest and most powerful Porsche dual-clutch transmission – PDK in short – that Porsche uses for a production vehicle. Just under 30 years – starting with a long pause and ending in an incredible success story. Depending on the model range, more than three-quarters of all Porsche vehicles today are delivered with PDK – and the trend is on the rise. With 54 victories and numerous championships, the Porsche 962 that was used in races starting in 1984 is probably one of the most successful racing sports cars of all time. The Porsche dual-clutch transmission was first developed for the 962. The gearbox construction stood the test in the long-distance world championship. It was not developed for standard production at that time because the electronics and the computer capacities were not yet fully mature technically to meet the high comfort standards for operation in a road vehicle. 2008: first PDK for sports cars in the 911 Carrera With progress made in the development of control electronics, this changed after the new millennium was hailed in. Porsche took up the development again and presented the first dual-clutch transmission for production sports cars in the 911 Carrera in 2008. It replaced the conventional Tiptronic S automatic gearbox and has been perfectly custom-fit for the sports cars: The Porsche Doppelkupplung combines dynamic driving performance and the excellent mechanical efficiency of a manual transmission with the great shift and driving comfort of an automatic gearbox. Right from the beginning, the PDK was able to shift gears up to 60% faster than an automatic gearbox. It facilitated gear shifts without any interruptions in propulsive power and reduced fuel consumption. The PDK gears are divided into two half gearboxes connected to the engine through two parallel powershift clutches. The odd-numbered gears and reverse gear are connected to clutch I – this package is the first half gearbox. Clutch II engages the even-numbered gears, making for the second half gearbox. In principle, the individual gears are selected via shift forks as in a mechanical manual transmission, which are activated electro-hydraulically, however, in the PDK. Gears one to six are designed for a sporty performance – the vehicles reach top speed in the sixth gear. The seventh gear has a long gear ratio for saving fuel. The PDK was greeted by customers with praise from the very onset. One year after the 911 Carrera received the new gearbox as an option, it was also optionally installed in the Boxster and Cayman. When the Panamera had its world premiere in 2009, all three starting models were already equipped with the dual-clutch transmission as standard. Although the PDK works the same in all three model ranges, it's a specific development for each of the three model families due to the fact alone that they feature three different drive systems. 2013: comeback of the PDK in the 911 GT3 able to meet the needs of the circuit course With the new 911 GT3, the capabilities of the PDK have reached a new level. Our motorsports engineers have thoroughly reworked the dual-clutch transmission mechanically and in terms of controls especially for the high-performance sports car. The result is a transmission that offers the driver all the features that count for driving performance taken over from the previous manual transmission, augmented by the performance advantages of the PDK. Thus it can be driven on circuit courses like a sequential gearbox – with even more potential and emotional driving fun. “Lightning shifts” with extremely short response and shift times Shift strategy and response time of the PDK in the 911 GT3 have been systematically developed for performance and are fundamentally different from those of other Porsche sports cars. The driver can feel it especially with manual upshifts in the form of a “lightning shift”: Response times of under 100 milliseconds are possible. For boosting the driving performance, the lightning shifts are done with a torque increase, and the gear shifts are translated with a highly dynamic adjustment of the engine revs to the newly selected gear. Shift times are in ranges that were reserved to motor sports up to now. Paddle neutral: decoupling function with the PDK of the 911 GT3 The driving performance of a sports car driven for optimal lap times is also determined by the clutch. Hence the PDK in the 911 GT3 has a “paddle neutral” function. If the driver pulls both shift paddles concurrently, the clutches of the PDK are opened and the force flow between engine and powertrain is interrupted. If both shift paddles are released again, the clutch closes with lightning speed when the PSM is switched off. If the PSM is activated, the clutch also closes quickly but not so pulse-like.. This function essentially offers two advantages: If the vehicle understeers, for instance on a wet road in a curve, the driver can neutralize by pulling the paddles, thus building up additional cornering force on the rear axle wheels. The second aspect refers to influencing the driving dynamics individually through the pulse-like onset of the drive power when coupling. Comparable to a traditional clutch in conjunction with a manual transmission, the rear of the vehicle can be consciously destabilized when turning. Adaptive gear shifting with sporty strategies The PDK offers the driver of the new 911 GT3 the alternative of leaving the shifting to the adaptive transmission control. Basically, the DSG of the new 911 GT3 has only two shifting strategies: Sports and Race Track. With them, the gear shifts in the new 911 GT3 are always quick. Shift processes and shift points get their bearings from the driving dynamics of the driver. In the Race Track mode, the PDK follows shift maps that are tailored to the requirements of pure circuit course operation. The gears are held longer and upshifts are carried out only with higher torques. The circuit course alignment also means that the shift program remains performance-oriented even with a moderately sporty driving style. Thus the high-performance sports car always moves within performance-driven operating points, and an increased propulsive power potential is available at every moment without the driver having to shift gears. Shorter gear ratios: faster times on the Nürburgring Northern Loop The mechanical changes of the 911 GT3-PDK in comparison to the dual-clutch transmissions in the other Porsche models affect mainly their internal structure. By using lighter gear wheels and gear sets, the torque dynamism of the high-torque engine is optimally supported. Moreover, the total weight of the PDK was reduced by two kilograms. Shorter gear ratios result in an entirely new characteristic; the 911 GT3 reaches top speed in the seventh and highest gear. In conjunction with the rear axle ratio that was shortened by 15%, the new 911 GT3 features significantly shorter total ratios in all gears than the 911 Carrera models. As a result, the driving performance of the new 911 GT3 again sets records. Two values in particular are influenced by the PDK: With full acceleration, the 911 GT3 reaches the 100 km/h mark in 3.5 seconds and accelerates to 200 in less than twelve seconds. And the new 911 GT3 masters the Nürburgring Northern Loop, the admittedly most difficult race course in the world, in under 7 minutes and 30 seconds.

VW confirms report it will build factory in Changsa, China

FRANKFURT -- Volkswagen Group has confirmed a report in a German newspaper that said it will build a factory with an annual capacity of 300,000 vehicles in Changsa, Hunan province, China. The report in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, published on Saturday, said the factory will be built with joint venture partner SAIC, adding that production is set to start as soon as 2016. ''VW confirms the report,'' a spokesman told Automotive News Europe, adding that the group would make an official announcement later this week. The spokesman declined to discuss further details of which models would be produced at the plant. Previous media reports estimated the plant's cost at 10 billion yuan (1.26 billion euros), citing data on the Changsha National Economic and Technical Development Zone's Web site. The factory would add to the estimated annual vehicle capacity 2.38 million for VW Group's Chinese ventures with SAIC and FAW Group. With sales of 2,812,825 vehicles last year, China was VW Group's largest market. The company has 12 car and component production plants in the country.

Audi sales in China exceed BMW, Mercedes on demand for SUVs

SHANGHAI (Bloomberg) -- Audi posted the fastest pace of sales growth among German premium marques in China last month after it sold more sport-utility vehicles. The automaker's deliveries rose 13 percent to 38,710 vehicles in China and Hong Kong in April, the company said today. BMW, the world's largest premium automaker, reported an 11 percent gain in core-brand sales to 30,311 units in the market, while Mercedes-Benz said brand sales increased 11 percent to 16,241 units. Automakers such as Nissan Motor Co.'s Infiniti and General Motors Co.'s Cadillac are beefing up their networks in an attempt to win more customers in China's premium car segment and challenge the dominance of the three German companies that collectively held more than 70 percent market share last year. In China, Audi cornered 29.6 percent of the market, BMW had 23.6 percent, while Mercedes took 20.6 percent in 2012, according to researcher IHS Global Insight. "China has been taking on a very major role in driving not just volumes of luxury car brands, but more importantly the revenues and profits," said Ashvin Chotai, London-based managing director of Intelligence Automotive Asia. "In terms of setting up new dealerships, introducing new products and increasing capacity to produce more luxury cars locally, the momentum is certainly pretty healthy still." Wholesale deliveries of cars, multipurpose and sport-utility vehicles climbed 13 percent to 1.44 million units in April, according to state-backed China Association of Automobile Manufacturers. Demand slows Of the three German luxury automakers, Audi is the only one still reporting double-digit monthly growth this year. The pace did, however, slow in April, from the 44 percent expansion the automaker posted in the same month a year earlier. Overall, deliveries of Audi in the first four months rose 14 percent, Mercedes-Benz posted a 6.6 percent decline and BMW reported an 8.6 percent increase. BMW declined to provide sales figures for Hong Kong. "The trend of pursuing high-end products is reined in, in the whole society," Dong Yang, secretary general of China's auto association, told reporters in Beijing on May. 9. "Also there were too many imported cars last year, which put more pressure on the pricing level." BMW's China deliveries in April slowed compared with a 31 percent increase a year earlier. The automaker expects to post "low double-digit growth" this year in China and gain market share in the Asian nation, Karsten Engel, the company's head in the country said last month in Shanghai. Daimler reorganization In contrast, Daimler has lowered the sales target this year by 30 percent, its China head, Nicholas Speeks, said in February to dealers in an e-mail recently obtained by Bloomberg News. Daimler, the world's third-largest maker of luxury vehicles, declined to comment on the contents of the e- mail, calling it an internal document. The company in December said it has set a goal to sell 300,000 units a year in China in 2015. To address its weakness in China, Daimler has accelerated its plan to add showrooms this year. The automaker has also streamlined sales operations in the country to bring its distribution under a single entity from two that split responsibility for domestically produced and imported models. The automaker also sent former Mercedes heavy-truck unit manager Hubertus Troska to China in December to oversee the company's business there.

Nissan plans potentially polarizing changes to design of top-selling Qashqai

SUNDERLAND, England – Nissan promises an innovative new look for the second-generation Qashqai compact crossover – the automaker's top-selling model in Europe – when the replacement debuts early next year. "There's a risk associated with changing it. We acknowledge that, but if you're a leader in a segment, I think you should innovate," Nissan global head of product planning Andy Palmer told Automotive News Europe at the automaker's plant here. "Don't expect to see the future Qashqai looking like the current car with a few extra radiuses here and there." Nissan hinted at its future plans for the crossover segment with the Resonance concept that debuted at the Detroit auto show in January. Nissan says the Resonance "is meant to be provocative, energetic and engaging – even polarizing. Its edgy yet sophisticated design provides a clear, exciting view into the future of crossover innovation." Nissan's 'backbone' The risk is that a dramatic design change could turn off the buyers who have made the Qashqai Nissan's No. 1 seller in Europe and the No. 8 overall seller in the region. In 2012, six years after it was launched, European sales fell less than a percent to 207,885, according to JATO Dynamics. By comparison, all the other cars in the top 10 had double-digit declines in sales compared with 2011. Through three months of 2013 the Qashqai was Europe's No. 7 seller with a volume of 61,886 units, putting it ahead of comparable sized rivals such as the Ford Focus (61,254) and Opel/Vaxuhall Astra (51,988). "The Qashqai forms the backbone of Nissan's range in Europe, but has also been very popular across the world in various guises, including being the basis of the Rogue in North America," said IHS Automotive analyst Ian Fletcher. The new-generation Qashqai will be revealed in November with production expected to start in December, a spokesman said. While its looks will change, the Qashqai's target market won't, said European head of sales and marketing Paul Willcox. "We have very clearly defined the Qashqai against the VW Golf," he said. "I find it very hard to believe we would change that position." The spokesman, however, said the car would benchmark compact hatchbacks in more areas, including CO2 emissions. No engines have been confirmed but the Qashqai is expected to get a version of the 1.2-liter three-cylinder supercharged gasoline engine that has helped reduced CO2 for both the Micra and new Note subcompacts to 95 grams per kilometer from previous figures of around 110g/km to 120g/km. The Qashqai with the lowest CO2 output currently is 1.6-liter diesel that emits 119g/km. The car will be built on Nissan's new Common Module Family (CMF) platform that will underpin the majority of compacts sold in Europe and elsewhere by the Japanese automaker as well as alliance partner, Renault. Palmer confirmed the CMF's platform has been designed to accommodate a hybrid drivetrain but he declined to say whether the new-generation Qashqai will offer a variant with the powertrain. He did, however, say that Nissan will launch a plug-in hybrid model in Europe by 2015. "From an economics point of view, plug-in hybrids are beginning to make sense in Europe when you look at regulations," Palmer said. A plug-in hybrid has the ability to travel on full-electric power but also includes a small fuel-powered engine to help recharge the battery or power the car to extend range. Limited range is one of the factors affecting sales of full-electric cars such as Nissan's Leaf, which has so far failed to meet volume goals in Europe and the United States. “Don't expect to see the future Qashqai looking like the current car with a few extra radiuses here and there.” Andy Palmer, Nissan executive VP Getting bigger The new Qashqai will be larger than the first-generation model, said David Moss, who has been responsible for the new car in his role as head of vehicle development at Nissan in Europe. Moss wouldn't go into details about measurements or performance figures, but he did say the new car will be more aerodynamic than the current model to help further improve its CO2 figures. Even with its new design, increased size and performance improvements, Nissan could struggle to maintain its dominance in the segment. "Many of the players have studied the Qashqai and drilled down to what are the most important traits," IHS' Fletcher said. Rivals that copied Nissan's formula include Kia with the Sportage and Hyundai with the ix35. Added Fletcher: "If they can improve the premium/quality perception while at the same time maintaining the price, this could help it." It's essential that Nissan pushes the boundaries with the car, Palmer said: "Qashqai invented a segment that didn't exist. The next one will innovate the segment again on both looks and technology."

VW brand sales up 5.4% in April as China demand offsets Europe drop

FRANKFURT -- Volkswagen Group said today that sales of its core VW brand rose 5.4 percent in April to 480,900, powered by gains in China which helped offset a weak Europe and a slowdown in other global markets including the United States. ''Developments on world markets remained mixed and the situation in Europe in particular is very challenging,'' said Christian Klinger, head of sales and marketing at VW Group, in a statement. Klinger said that signals from China ''continue [to be] positive.'' Four-month sales of VW brand gained 5.3 percent to 1.91 million vehicles, VW said. Global markets VW brand sales in western Europe sales, excluding Germany, fell 7.9 percent to 279,300 in the first four months. In Germany, volume fell 10.9 percent to 180,500 in the same period. In central and eastern Europe, deliveries rose 1.9 percent to 85,500, but sales in Russia fell 2.1 percent to 49,500. Through April, deliveries in China, including Hong Kong, rose 20 percent to 783,900, but in the United States, they remained flat at 131,800, falling 0.1 percent. In South America, volume dropped 4.5 percent to 235,200, with deliveries in Brazil falling 2.9 percent to 175,600.

BMW CEO raps EU calls for stiffer car emissions goals

MUNICH (Reuters) -- BMW CEO Norbert Reithofer criticized calls by European Union lawmakers for tougher fuel efficiency goals. He said their demands would hurt the European industry in competition with the United States and China. EU politicians last month backed a target to cut fleet average CO2 emissions from new cars sold in Europe to a range of 68 to 78 grams per kilometer (g/km) by 2025, down from a fleet average of 130g/km required by 2015. "This is all about political wish-lists and has nothing to do with technical analysis or feasibility," Reithofer said at the group's annual shareholders' meeting today. "At some point, politicians will go a step too far," he said. "Europe is currently not in a strong enough position to isolate itself from global competition in this way." A compromise target of 95 g/km by 2020 already requires "billions of euros" of investment and can't be met without alternative drive technology, Reithofer said. Average CO2 emissions for new cars across Europe were 132.3 g/km in 2012, according to market researcher JATO Dynamics. Automakers selling cars in Europe have individual targets to meet the 130 g/km goal. BMW Group's fleet, which includes BMW-, Mini- and Rolls-Royce-brand models, had an average CO2 emissions of 144.8 g/km in the EU in 2011, according to EU data. The automaker's regulatory target is to reduce that to 138.4 g/km by 2015. To help reduce its CO2 emissions, BMW will launch its i3 electric city car in the fourth quarter after unveiling a production version of the model at the Frankfurt auto show in September. The i3 will be followed by the i8 plug-in hybrid sports car in early 2014 Reithofer today said BMW expects to reap a "positive" contribution to group profit from every i3 sold. He declined to give a sales target or identify development costs of the i3, which will be built at the carmaker's factory in Leipzig, Germany.